The concept differs from the waybill (Sea Waybill) of

Waybill (Sea Waybill), also known as sea waybill or maritime bills of lading, which is "the carrier to the shipper or his agent that the goods have been accepted for loading documents, is a non-negotiable documents, that is not required to produce the documents at the port of destination as a condition of receipt, not subject to the documents sent to the owners or their agents present their goods to the consignee received notification or proof of identity and its delivery "(quoted in 1978 In September the United Nations economic Commission for Europe "Recommendation")

　　Waybill and bill of lading and contact difference

　　1, bill of lading is a receipt for goods, contracts of carriage, is a document of title, shipping only a single receipt and transportation of goods with both of these properties, it is not a document of title.

　　2, may be recorded to order form, through the endorsement negotiable: waybill is a non-fluid energy of documents marked determined consignee Shanghai single branch, the flow can not be transferred.

　　3, sea waybill and bill of lading can be made "on board (Shipped on board) form, can also be a" receipt for shipment "(Received for shipment) form. Positive sea area of ​​each single column versions and formats and methods and shipping single basically the same bill of lading, sea waybill consignee column just can not make specific consignee indicative rise should Shanzhi determined.

　　4, bill of lading and the carrier with the lawful holder of the bill of lading the consignee on delivery and delivery, sea waybill does not produce sea waybill, delivery notice alone or identity card explicitly mentioned goods, the carrier with the consignee for proper identification proof of delivery of the goods.

　　5, there are points of lading short form and long form of the bill of lading, sea waybill is the short form and documents, the back is not listed in detail the terms of cargo but contained a clause could be invoked by the back of the bill of lading content.

　　6, sea waybill and bill of lading (Straight B / L), although both named consignee, without endorsement, but they are essentially different, straight bill of lading is a kind of bill of lading is a document of title, holding straight bill of lading, to close people can pick up the goods can not rely on sea waybill in delivery.

　　The benefits of using sea waybill

　　Sea waybill relates only to shippers, carriers, consignees tripartite program is simple, easy to operate, help transfer the goods.

　　First, sea waybill is a security certificate, it does not have the transfer of liquidity, to avoid missing documents and forgery consequences arising from the bill of lading.

　　Secondly, convenient delivery, timely and cost savings, the consignee without having to produce sea waybill, which not only solves the common problems in recent marine cargo transit to and bill of lading yet to come, but also to avoid demurrage charges arising from deferred delivery, storage charges Wait.

　　Again, sea waybill is not a document of title, to expand the use of sea waybills, can provide the basis for future practice and possible implementation of EDI electronic bill of lading.

　　Use of sea waybills

　　1, business dealings between subsidiaries of multinationals total or related subsidiaries.

　　2, or both buyer credit as the transfer of goods to all of the prerequisites, use the bill of lading has lost its meaning.

　　3, between the long, full of trust, between business partners trade close.

　　4, no financial risks of home personal items, samples of commercial value.

　　5, in the case of short sea shipping, the bill of lading is often the first to the goods yet to come, should adopt the waybill.

　　Sea waybill deficiencies and solutions

　　Sea waybill in practice, there are still some problems, for which the International Maritime Committee developed and adopted the "Uniform Rules for sea."

　　Lack of shipping orders mainly in the following two aspects:

　　1, the importer as the consignee, but he is not a contract of carriage contractor, no contractual relationship with the carrier, if the exporter after shipment payment, made in writing to the carrier to change consignee, the original consignee no right of action.

　　2, "Marine Uniform Rules" Article III: "shipper entered into a contract of carriage, not only on their own behalf, but also on behalf of the consignee, and warrants to the carrier that he has authority," while Article VI: " the shipper has the right to choose to transfer control over the receipt, but it should be exercised before the carrier will collect the goods, exercise of this option shall be noted on the sea waybill or similar document. "this provision only clarified this collection also has a legal contract between shippers and carriers, shippers also terminated the right to change consignee before the original consignee.

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